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Hey
How are you today?
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.
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The different kind of fabrics.
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In the store.
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. کِشوم پر از مداد، خودکار و این چیزهاست.
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Home · Leaers · Teachers · Parents · Grammar · Vocabulary · Site Information A guide to leaing English
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Articles
The 3 articles in English are a, an and the. The leaer has to decide noun-by-noun which one of the articles to use*. In fact, there are 4 choices to make, because sometimes no article is necessary. Native-speakers, of course, use the articles correctly without thinking. English leaers, on the other hand, need to have some guidelines for making the right choice - particularly those leaers whose own language does not have articles, such as Japanese or Korean. The guidelines that follow here should help ESL students to a basic understanding of English article use.
The most important first step in choosing the correct article is to categorize the noun as count or uncount**:
- A count noun is a noun that can have a number in front of it: 1 teacher, 3 books, 76 trombones, 1,000,000 people.
- An uncount noun is a noun that caot have a number put in front of it: 1 water, 2 lucks, 10 airs, 21 oils, 39 informations. Once you have correctly categorized the noun (using your dictionary if necessary), the following "rules" apply:
Uncount nouns
You caot say a/an with an uncount noun.
You caot put a number in front of an uncount noun. (You caot make an uncount noun plural.)
You use an uncount noun with no article if you mean that thing in general.
You use the with an uncount noun when you are talking about a particular example of that thing.
Count nouns
You can put a number in front of a count noun. (You can make a count noun plural.)
You can put both a/an and the in front of a count noun.
You must put an article** in front of a singular count noun.
You use a plural count noun with no article if you mean all or any of that thing.
You usually use a/an with a count noun the first time you say or write that noun.
You use the with count nouns:
the second and subsequent times you use the noun in a piece of speech or writing
when the listener knows what you are referring to (maybe because there is only one of that thing)
You use an (not a) when the next word (adverb, adjective, noun) starts with a vowel sound.
Note:
The above rules apply whether there is or there is not an adjective in front of the noun.
Some nouns can be either count or uncount, depending on the context and meaning:
Do you have paper? I want to draw a picture. (uncount = a sheet of paper)
Can you get me a paper when you’re at the shop? (count = a newspaper)
Uncount nouns are often preceded by phrases such as: a lot of .. (luck), a piece of .. (cake), a bottle of .. (milk), a grain of .. (rice).
* Instead of an article, the noun can also be preceded by a determiner such as this, that, some, many or my, his, our, etc.
Following are some of the most important guidelines listed above, with example sentences:
1. You use an uncount noun with no article if you mean all or any of that thing.
I need help!
I don't eat cheese.
Do you like music?
2. You use the with an uncount noun when you are talking about a particular example of that thing.
Thanks for the help you gave me yesterday.
I didn't eat the cheese. It was green!
Did you like the music they played at the dance?
3. You usually use a/an with a count noun the first time you say or write that noun.
Can I borrow a pencil, please?
There's a cat in the garden!
Do you have an mp3 player?
4. You use the with count nouns the second and subsequent times you use the noun, or when the listener already knows what you are referring to (maybe because there is only one of that thing).
Where's the pencil I lent you yesterday?
I think the cat belongs to the new neighbours.
I dropped the mp3 player and it broke.
Please shut the door!
5. You use a plural count noun with no article if you mean all or any of that thing.
I don't like dogs.
Do they have children?
I don't need questions. Give me answers!
6. The above rules apply whether there is or there is not an adjective in front of the noun.
I don't eat German cheese.
Can I borrow a red pencil, please?
There's an extremely large cat in the garden!
I don't like small, noisy children.
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Peel
پوست کندن
Grate
رنده کردن
Chop
ریز ریز کردن
Beat
تند تند هم زدن - ( مثل تخم مرغ که واسه کیک هم می زنند )
Cut up
تیکه تیکه کردن
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Rub in
دستمالی کردن - با دست هم زدن (از تکنیک های معروف دانشجویی)
Slice
ورقه ورقه کردن - گاهی خلال کردن هم معنی میده
Grease
روغن مالیدن کف ماهیتابه
Break
شکستن ( تخم مرغ )
Stir
ملایم هم زدن
Mix
مخلوط کردن ( سالاد شیرازی )
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Knead
ورز دادن ( خمیر ) - / nId /
Steam
بخار پز کردن
Boil
جوشاندن
Add
اضافه کردن
Bake
پختن ، با استفاده از فر یا ماکروویو
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Pour
ریختن ( واسه مایعات به کار می ره - مثل اضافه کردن آب به برنج )
Stir fry
تفت دادن
Grill
کباب کردن ( معمولا با گاز و سرخ کن )
Roast
برشته کردن ( مرغ رو گاهی با مقدار بسیار کمی سرخ می کنند که طلایی و زرشکی میشه )
Barbecue
کباب کردن - معمولا با ذغال و منقل
Fry
سرخ کردن
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How R U
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I Am Thankful
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Do we have to wait to be seated
آیا باید منتظر باشیم تا جا گیرمون بیاد؟
Yes, the hostess will seat you
بله. میزبان شما رو به صندلی تون راهنمایی می کنه.
I'll get you some menus
من براتون منو های غذا رو میارم.
Yes, how can I help you
بله . چطور می تونم کمکتون کنم.
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What do you recommend
شما ( غذا ) چی پیشنهاد می کنید؟
Our specialty is grilled trout
غذای مخصوصمون ماهی کبابیه
All of our entrees come with fries
تمام پیش غذاهامون با سیب زمینی سرخ شده می باشد
What would you like to drink
نوشیدنی چی میل دارید - / خودم Red wine سفارش میدم /
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This soup is cold
سوپ سرد می باشد.
I'll get you some bread
مقداری نون براتون میارم.
Would you like some dessert
دسر میل دارید؟
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We reserved a table under the name (of) Brown
میزی رو به اسم آقای براون رزرو کردیم.
Please follow me. I'll show you to your table
لطفا دنبال من بیاید . من تا میزتون شما رو راهنمایی می کنم.
Do you have a reservation
رزرو کردید ؟
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Can I get a salad with that
می شه سالاد هم کنارش باشه ؟
Yes, we have salads on the menu
بله. سالاد هامون تو منو نوشته شده.
Where's your restroom? ( = toilet
دستشویی کجاست ؟ ( واسه شستن دست ها )
It's down the hall to the right
آخر سالن سمت راست
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I'm sorry, I'll get the chef to make you another one
عذر میخوام . به آشپز می گم یکی دیگه براتون بذاره.
Can I get a refill
میشه یکی دیگه برام بیاری ؟ ( از نوع غذا یا نوشیدنی که قبلا خوردید)
I'll bring you the bill right away
الان براتون صورت حساب رو میارم. ( دقیقا هنگام فرار !!!! )
Would you like another Coke
یه نوشابه مشکی دیگه برات باز کنم ؟
Yes, I'll be right back with that
بله . الان برات میارم / با اون چیزی که شما خواستید ، بر می گردم.
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Yes, you can pay cash
بله. شما می تونین نقدا پرداخت کنید.
Yes, we accept all major credit cards
بله .ما تمام کارت های اعتباری معتبر رو قبول می کنیم.
Should I leave the money with you
آیا باید پول رو به شما بدم / آیا باید با شما حساب کنم ؟
No, please pay at the cash register
نه لطفا برید صندوق واسه تسویه حساب.
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"hair-raising"
Meaning:If something is 'hair-raising' it is very frightening or causes nervous excitement;extremely alarming, astonishing, or frightening
مثال:
Driving through the mountains was a hair-raising experience
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